The typology of multiculturalism in structure of social changes

Abstract

This article analyzes the phenomenon of multiculturalism and its classification according to the changes taking place in the global community. The idea of multicultural nature is seen most promising response to the challenge of the globalization universalism. This is the strategy of the modern world development and a new possibility of interpretation of human plyurality. Multiculturalism, reflecting the cultural situation of the postmodern, is consonant with its value orientations. As a model of culture, multiculturalism assumes the removal of centralized view about the development and legitimization of cultural diversity. But multiculturalism as a social phenomenon, social condition and philosophical category has no the universally accepted typology. This article is an attempt to classify the phenomenon of multiculturalism and the foundations of the its study methodology in relation to the different historical and civilizational stages of human development. The author assumes typology of multiculturalism as a social phenomenon and philosophical categories, which are based on the following components: stability and integration in a multicultural society; values in a multicultural society; politics of religion, the issues of freedom of conscience and freedom of speech; political deliberation in a multicultural society. Understanding the typologies of multiculturalism in general civilization and concrete historical dimension leads to a more adequate perception of the multicultural nature. Key words: globalization, multiculturalism, multicultural society, pluralism, postmodernism, multiculturalism typology