The Arctic region in contemporary international relations: geopolitics, economics, and environmental risks

Abstract

Annotation. The article examines the Arctic region’s growing importance in international relations, emphasizing its geopolitical, economic, and environmental dimensions. It explores the strategic interests of both Arctic and non-Arctic states, highlighting the increasing competition over natural resources, emerging maritime routes, and military presence. The study also addresses the impact of climate change, which has accelerated ice melt, making the region more accessible for economic activities while simultaneously posing significant environmental risks.

A key focus of the article is the geopolitical rivalry in the Arctic, among major powers. The research evaluates national Arctic strategies, identifying areas of convergence and divergence in state policies regarding security, resource management, and indigenous rights. Special attention is given to governance mechanisms, including the Arctic Council and international legal frameworks, which play a crucial role in maintaining regional stability and fostering cooperation despite growing tensions.

The study employs an interdisciplinary approach, integrating geopolitical analysis, comparative research, and economic assessments to provide a comprehensive understanding of Arctic developments. The findings suggest that while geopolitical competition will persist, economic and environmental challenges necessitate deeper multilateral engagement. The article contributes to the broader discourse on Arctic governance by assessing contemporary challenges and offering insights into the future trajectory of the region within the evolving global order.

Keywords: Arctic region, international relations, geopolitics, economic development, climate change.