The phenomenon of «culture shoots» and the problem of resistance to the culture

Abstract

This article deals with the problem of cultural integration of migrants. The authors of the article note that the cultural adaptation of migrants largely depends on the degree of similarity and differences incultures. Racial, linguistic, religious intimacy promotes more rapid adaptation, and vice versa. Successful
cultural adaptation of migrants, according to the authors, is possible in the presence of intercultural competence,
which can become a solid basis for intercultural dialogue. The heterogeneity of modern society,
combined with global interdependence, requires people to have certain, knowledge, skills and skills in
intercultural communication (intercultural competence). The formation of intercultural competences in
a person promotes the establishment of a dialogue in a multicultural society that plays an important role
in the process of learning cohabitation in the conditions of growing globalization and, thus, contributing
to the reduction of the risks of conflicts and cultural fragmentation of society. The consequence of a
“cultural shock” is often cultural marginalization, which can grow into a misunderstanding of people of
other cultures, their opposition. European governments have attempted to successfully integrate Muslim
migrants into the European socio-cultural environment. Cultural integration, according to a number of
political leaders of the European Union, will allow Muslim migrants, if not completely Europeans, then
at least European Muslims, therefore, there is quite a strong pressure on Muslims to move towards the
liberalization of Islam, an example of which can be the largest European project – Euroislam. European
Islam or Euro-Islam – is a new direction of Islam emerging in Europe, within the liberalization of Muslim
society. The new kind should combine the principles of Islam with the cultural values of Europe, such
as democracy, the rule of law, human rights, gender equality, which will allow Muslims to consider
themselves full citizens of Europe on the one hand, and reduce the level of cultural differences between
Christians and Muslims. The idea of Euroislam is severely criticized by the conservative clergy of Iran and
Saudi Arabia, who see liberalization of Islam as an attempt to dissolve it in the general cultural values of
European society.
Key words: “Cultural shock”, intercultural competence, opposition of cultures.