The phenomenon of sacred places and national identity: in the context of global intercivilizational dialogue

Abstract

This article examines how sacred sites contribute to the preservation of national identity and function as instruments of intercultural and intercivilizational dialogue. Kazakhstan is used as the principal case, with Sulaiman-Too Sacred Mountain in Kyrgyzstan and the Routes of Santiago de Compostela in Spain serving as comparative examples. The study employs a qualitative research design combining theoretical synthesis, historical-logical analysis, and comparative case analysis. The cases are examined according to three criteria: preservation of historical memory, creation of shared cultural practices, and international representation of national heritage. The findings demonstrate that sacred sites support national identity by connecting communities with inherited narratives, cultural meanings, and practices of commemoration. However, sacred status alone does not automatically produce intercivilizational dialogue. Its development depends on inclusive historical interpretation, community participation, cultural mobility, and institutional support. The comparative analysis shows that Kazakhstan has established a strong symbolic framework through its sacred-geography initiatives, while its dialogical potential could be expanded through multilingual interpretation, regional cooperation, educational programmes, and sustained engagement with international visitors. The scientific contribution of the study lies in proposing a conceptual model in which sacred heritage influences intercivilizational dialogue through historical memory, shared cultural practices, and international representation. The practical significance of the findings lies in their application to heritage policy, cultural education, tourism, and regional cooperation in Central Asia.
Keywords: sacred heritage, national identity, intercivilizational dialogue, Kazakhstan, Central Asia.